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Articles - Genetics and reproduction

Heat stress affects the sows' reproductive cycle

From their respective academic and on-farm perspectives, Josep Gasa and Josep Casanovas comment on a recent study regarding the effect of heat stress on sows: Which weeks does it affect the farrowing rate the most? What about the weaning-to-first-service interval? Are there differences depending on parity?

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Figure 3. Effect of parity on the percentage of sows expressing estrus within the first 7 days post-weaning in summer compared to spring (adapted from Belstra et al., 2004).

Anestrus in multiparous sows

When multiparous sows are affected, not as many need to be culled as in the case of gilts (which we saw in the last article). Generally sows will eventually show signs of heat, but with a considerable delay compared to a normal heat.

Image 1. Time taken by the boar to detect gilts in heat after being introduced into the pen. P. English, 1986

Anestrus in gilts

Lack of estrus in gilts is a common cause for culling, which increases the need for gilts and the cost of gilts. Let's take a look a what causes anestrus:

Figure 1. Graphical representation of the standing reflex, ovulation, and optimal AI timing in a sow with a 60h estrus. Source: Carles Casanovas.

What insemination method should I use?

We continue our series of articles in which swine reproduction and artificial insemination expert Javier Gil shares key points about proper management to improve fertility and prolificacy. This article addresses the criteria to establish correct insemination methods.

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Figure 1. With post-cervical insemination the semen is deposited in the uterine body, past the cervix.

Post-cervical insemination

For several years now, post-cervical insemination has become common on most pig farms. In this article we review with Javier Gil, a specialist in swine reproduction and artificial insemination, what to keep in mind in order to do this technique correctly.

Breed cards: Turopolje Pig (Turopoljska svinja)

19-Nov-2020

Turopolje pig is a fatty-type pig breed created during the Middle Ages in Turopolje region in Central Croatia. Due to its modest demands, resilience and good adaptation to outdoor rearing, the Turopolje pig has been an important food source for the local population for centuries.

Breed cards: Sarda Pig

17-Sep-2020

Sarda pig breed (a.k.a. Suino Sardo) is a local breed from Sardinia Island (Italy) with its ancestors dating back to to 2nd millennium BC.

Nero Siciliano sow. Source: OppidumNissenae

Breed cards: Nero Siciliano Pig

20-Aug-2020

Origins of Nero Siciliano pig date to Carthaginian domination and its rearing, after a setback during the Arab period, was rather diffused throughout Sicily.

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Gilt replacement simulator

Tool that allows you to calculate the replacement rate in your farm

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