Swine abstracts

Can environmental nebulization of lavender essential oil improve welfare and modulate nasal microbiota of growing pigs?

The study suggests lavender essential oil may improve the welfare of growing pigs. Inhalation of lavendar reduced the nasal microbiome diversity.

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Adding Aspergillus oryzae as a dietary prebiotic: effects on energy and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs

Dietary supplementation of prebiotic from Aspergillus oryzae may enhance nutrient digestibility and energy value in high-fiber diets containing cereal grain byproducts.

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African swine fever virus DNA is present in non-biting flies collected from outbreak farms in Romania

This study brings compelling evidence of the presence of the most common synanthropic flies near domestic pig farms carrying ASFV DNA.

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Microencapsulated essential oils boost growth and enhance gut health in weaned piglets

Essential oils supplementation in weanling diets may improve performance, intestinal health, and antioxidant capacity.

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Hourly feeding of lactating sows: Enhancing performance and welfare in smart farm-based systems

An hourly feeding regime could optimize sow productive performance, body condition, milk yield, welfare, and piglet growth in swine production.

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Maternal flavour conditioning combined with organic and inorganic iron-supplemented creep feed on piglet and the effect on performance and haemoglobin status

Maternal flavor conditioning may improve the acceptance and efficacy of iron-supplemented creep feed as an alternative to iron injections in piglets.

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Intradermal needle-free injection prevents ASF transmission, while intramuscular needle injection does not

This study confirmed the hematogenous transmission of African Swine Fever virus between pigs through needle-sharing.

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Sire type and a by-product-based diet: effects on performance and meat quality in growing and finishing pigs

Performance of pigs differing in feed intake capacity is not affected when by-products are included in the diet.

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Effects of space allowance during gestation and socialization training during growing period on the productivity and welfare of primiparous sows

Primiparous sow aggression may be reduced by increasing space allowance during gestation with social training during the growing period.

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Impact of capsaicin supplementation on growth, blood profiles, and carcass quality in finishing pigs

Capsaicin supplementation in finishing diets may improve performance and meat quality.

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A diagnostic approach to confirm Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae “Day zero” for pathogen eradication

Sampling guidelines proposed in this study can be used for verification of M. hyopneumoniae infection of gilts following exposure to determine Day 0 of herd closure.

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The effect of feeding dietary fermentable fiber on fecal microbial composition and acetic acid production in nursery pigs

Fermentable fiber may better explain the role of fiber in pig gut health.

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Gut microbiota affects the estrus return of sows by regulating the metabolism of sex steroid hormones

Changes in gut microbial composition significantly altered the functional capacity of steroid hormone biosynthesis in the gut microbiome.

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Exploring how an organic mineral mix affects antioxidant balance, immune health, and performance in sows and their offspring

Organic trace minerals supplementation of the sow diet may improve health and performance.

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Infection prediction in swine populations with machine learning

Models provide daily infection probabilities that can be used as a benchmark to more timely support preventive and control strategies on farms.

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Different fat sources and vitamin E levels on optimizing growth performance, lean growth, organ size, carcass characteristics, primal cuts, and pork quality in heavyweight - finishing pigs

Vitamin E supplementation and its interaction with fat sources may affect yield and quality in heavy slaughtered pigs.

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A second iron injection administered to piglets during lactation improves hemoglobin concentration, growth performance, and carcass characteristics at slaughter

Administering a second iron injection resulted in greater hemoglobin at weaning and the end of the nursery as well as improved growth performance from weaning to the end of study weight and increased carcass weight at slaughter.

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Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of different dietary levels of n-carbamylglutamate in growing-finishing pigs

N-carbamylglutamate supplementation in growing-finishing pigs may improve performance and metabolism.

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First detection of PCV4 in swine in the United States

This study provides insights into the frequency of detection, tissue distribution, and genetic characteristics of PCV4 in the US.

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Enhancing growth and gut health in nursery piglets: effects of enzymatically treated yeast and zinc oxide

Enzymatically treated yeast supplementation in weanling diets may improve post-weaning intestinal health and immunity.

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Low-density lipoproteins, resveratrol and quercetin as alternative additives to improve boar semen cooling

Low-density lipoproteins can improve the motility and kinetics of boar semen during cooling while it could modulate the sperm's mitochondrial activity.

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The effect of dietary supplementation with garcinol during late gestation on bile acid metabolism disorders and the performance of sows and newborn piglets

Garcinol supplementation may reduce bile acid metabolism disorders and improve sow and newborn piglet performance.

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Reclassification of ASFV into 7 biotypes using unsupervised machine learning

A new classification of ASFV based on comparisons performed considering the entire encoded proteome.

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The effect of a phytobiotic-prebiotic feed additive containing a combination of carob pulp, chicory, and fenugreek on growth performance, carcass traits, and fecal microbiota of fattening pigs

Supplementation with a phytobiotic-prebiotic feed additive may modulate intestinal microbiota, and positively affect growth performance, and carcass quality in grow-finish pigs.

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Factors associated with farrowing assistance in hyperprolific sows

The frequency of farrowing assistance in sows varied among herds and was influenced by parity number.

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Impact of low-protein diets with added essential amino acids on growth and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs

Low-protein diets in growing pigs may be a viable choice when the amino acids composition is well-balanced.

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A cross-sectional assessment of PRRSV nucleic acid detection by RT-qPCR in serum, ear-vein blood swabs, nasal swabs, and oral swabs

Ear-vein blood swabs, nasal swabs, and oral swabs can be used as surveillance samples for detecting PRRSV RNA by RT-qPCR in weaning-age pigs.

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The effects of plant-derived squalene supplementation on growth performance and acute oxidative stress-induced growth retardation and intestinal damage in piglets

Dietary plant-derived squalene supplementation may reduce the effects of oxidative stress in piglets.

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Genetic and phenotypic time trends of litter size, piglet mortality, and birth weight in pigs

The increases in litter size and piglet survival rates due to balanced breeding policies lead to reduced total numbers of dead piglets coinciding with a certain pig production volume.

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Dietary omega-3 long-chain fatty acids influence on microbial diversity and composition in sows' feces, colostrum, milk, and suckling piglets' feces

Sow omega-3 supplementation may affect microbial populations in the dam and their offspring.

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Disasters, population trends, and their impact on the U.S. pork packing sector

Findings suggest physical capacity is not the only factor influencing processing rates and highlight existing vulnerabilities to labor shortages.

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Supplementation of Ligilactobacillus salivarius improves intestinal structure and microbiota balance in weaned piglets

Supplementation of Ligilactobacillus salivarius in weanling diets may improve intestinal health in pigs.

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Effect of postpartum meloxicam administration to sows and split-suckling

Postpartum administration of meloxicam to sows reduced clinical cases of disease, increased ADG in pigs, and increased carcass weight at slaughter.

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Effects of dietary supplementation with Aurantiochytrium limacinum on tissue fatty acid profile in finishing pigs

Dietary Aurantiochytrium limacinum supplementation at the end of the finishing period may improve the fatty acid composition of pork.

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Space–time dynamics of African swine fever spread in the Philippines

The results here will help inform decisions intended to mitigate the impact of ASF in the Philippines and will contribute to the understanding of the epidemiological dynamics.

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Flavor variety: the effects on the intake and palatability of commercial feed in nursery pigs

Sensory-varied diets may be a useful strategy to reduce sensory-specific satiety in nursery pigs.

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Myo-inositol improves the viability of boar sperm during liquid storage

The addition of myo-inositol to semen extender improved the boar semen quality by decreasing the effects of oxidative stress during liquid preservation.

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Impact of various supplemental methionine sources in finishing pig diets on growth performance, carcass traits, cutting yields, and meat quality

Carcass yield and meat quality may not be affected by methionine source supplemented in finishing pig diets.

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Effect of reducing dietary crude protein level on growth performance, blood profiles, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, and odor emissions in growing-finishing pigs

Reducing dietary crude protein content in growing-finishing diets may not affect growth performance, carcass traits, and nutrient digestibility in a well-adapted phase feeding program.

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Pig manure treatment strategies for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance

The composting process can be an efficient strategy for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment.

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Impact of zinc supplementation on growth performance and body composition in grow-finishing pigs under heat stress

Current zinc recomendations may not optimize growth in finishing pigs under thermoneutral and heat stress conditions.

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Dominance hierarchy in groups of pregnant sows: characteristics and identification of related indicators

Dominance rank of an individual can be estimated according to the feeding order, body weight or parity if there is enough variability in the group.

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The effect of different dietary protein sources on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, faecal microbiota and metabolites in weaned piglets

The nature of the protein source used in the diet may affect antioxidant capacity, immune function, and the fecal bacterial community and metabolites of weaned piglets.

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A novel recombinant S-based subunit vaccine induces protective immunity against porcine deltacoronavirus challenge in piglets

Data demonstrate for the first time the protective efficacy of spike-based subunit vaccine, which could be a candidate vaccine against PDCoV.

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Benefits and challenges of sugar beet pulp in gestating sow diets

Higher dietary fiber in gestating sow diets may improve nitrogen retention and utilization.

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Heat stress alters hematological parameters in barrows and gilts

Biological sex mediates, at least in part, the physiological response to heat stress.

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333 Emerging Voices: Evaluating the nonspecific protection of an immunostimulant based on heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis against Salmonella Choleraesuis infection in pigs

Master's thesis from the Institute for Game and Wildlife Research (IREC), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM). Directed by Prof. Dr. Christian Gortázar Schmidt and Prof. Dr. María de los Ángeles Risalde Moya.

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Effects over time of different types of sounds on gestating sows’ behavior

Frequent emission of short sounds can reduce time spent sleeping and cause behavior changes. However, gestating sows can habituate to the sound stimuli and return to normal behavior.

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Impact of dietary neutral detergent fiber supplementation on carcass characteristics, amino acid profiles, and meat quality of finishing pigs by multi-omics analysis

Dietary neutral detergent fiber may regulate gut microbiota affecting lipid and amino acid metabolism with direct impact on carcass and meat quality in finishing pigs.

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Impact of enrichment and repeated mixing on resilience in pigs

Enrichment did not enhance the speed of recovery from challenges in pigs, although there were indications of reduced stress

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The effect of dietary fiber on immunity and intestinal barrier function of different breeds of growing pigs

High dietary fiber regulated the composition of immune cells in different crossbreeds of growing pigs.

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Refining PRRSV-2 genetic classification based on global ORF5 sequences and investigation of their geographic distributions and temporal changes

This study refined PRRSV-2 ORF5-based phylogenetic classification and investigated the geographic distribution and temporal changes of PRRSV-2 at the lineage/sublineage levels.

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Buckwheat protein added to weaned piglets’ diet positively affected growth performance, lipid metabolism, and systemic immunity through the modulation of gut microbiota

Buckwheat protein in weanling diets may improve performance and immune status in pigs.

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Heat stress alters the ovarian proteome in prepubertal gilts

Heat stress alters the ovarian proteome and multiple biological pathways and systems in prepubertal gilts; changes that potentially contribute to female infertility.

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Nitrogen utilization in gestating sows: Impact of dietary fiber, crude protein level, and gestation stage

A high dietary fiber diet improves nitrogen utilization even if sows are fed a low crude protein diet.

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333 Emerging Voices - Evaluation of the inclusion of Tenebrio molitor meal in pig’s diet

Doctoral thesis from the University of Milan (Italy), advised by Luciana Rossi.

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The effect of sugary and salty former food products in pig diets on energy and nutrient digestibility, growth performance and carcass composition

Sugary and salty former food products as a feed ingredient alternative in gowing-finishing diets for pigs.

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Welfare and performance of sows and piglets in farrowing pens with temporary crating system

Results suggested that farrowing pens with temporary crating facilitated mother-young interactions and showed a higher crushing rate.

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The impact of dried cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) waste meal as feed in growing-finishing pigs

Dried cabbage by-product may be a suitable ingredient for growing-finishing diets to improve sustainability and return.

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The beneficial effects of providing prepartum sows with nesting materials

The provision of nesting material to sows prior to farrowing can increase sow maternal care traits and piglet performance.

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The effect of different fiber sources in antibiotic-free diets on growth, immune responses, intestinal barrier function and microbiota in weaned piglets

The supplementation of wheat bran to antibiotic-free diets improves performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs.

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Transplantation of fecal filtrate to neonatal pigs reduces post-weaning diarrhea

Early postnatal administration of fecal filtrate transplant, showed positive clinical effects in post-weaning pigs.

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Negative dietary cation-anion difference and calcidiol supplementation in transition diets fed to sows and its impact on piglet survival, piglet weight, and sow metabolism

The modulation of dietary anion-cation difference may enhance sow performance.

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Fertility responses of melatonin-treated gilts when there are different temperatures and lighting conditions

Melatonin treatment had positive effects on estrous duration and embryo survival, especially in the summer.

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333 Emerging Voices: Evaluation of tail biting in pigs at the abattoir

Integrated Master's Dissertation in Veterinary Medicine by Alice Gomes from UTAD (Portugal) advised by Professor Madalena Vieira-Pinto.

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Effects of providing sensory attractants to suckling pigs during lactation and after weaning on post-weaning growth performance

Environmental enrichment with cubes appears to have the greatest effect when applied post-weaning whereas flavor attractants appear to have the greatest effect when applied both pre- and post-weaning.

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The impact of low or normal birth weight, and dairy or non-dairy sources of fat in the diet, on muscle fiber, connective tissue and pork quality characteristics

Dietary dairy high-fat supplementation at weaning may smooth carcass quality differences at slaughter between low birth weight and normal birth weight piglets.

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Effect of method of drying piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth

Results suggest that drying piglets at birth is an effective method to reduce rectal temperature decline in the early postnatal period, especially for low birth weight piglets.

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Effects of arazyme in combination with dietary carbohydrolases on odor emission and gut microbiome in growing-finishing pigs

Dietary supplementation of arazyme and carbohydrolases effectively controls noxious gas emissions and improves health and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs.

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Re-evaluation of ASF genotypes reveals existence of only six distinct p72 groups

Study proposes that the current twenty-five genotypes should be reduced to only six genotypes.

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Acute and persistent oral glutamine supplementation and its impact on low and normal birthweight pre-weaning piglets

Glutamine supplementation may enhance pre-weaning piglet performance.

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Vaginal and vestibular electrical resistance as an alternative marker for optimum timing of artificial insemination

Change in electrical resistance in the vagina has the potential to accurately predict ovulation timing, but more work is required.

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Flavor in diets: Effect on sow feed intake, lactation performance, and subsequently weaned pig nursery performance

Feed flavor supplementation may enhance sow feed intake and improve piglet performance in hot seasons but not in winter conditions.

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Effect of slurry funnels with partial pit ventilation on emissions from pig houses

The funnel slurry system can lower emissions of both ammonia, odour and methane.

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Phytase and non-starch polysaccharide-hydrolizing enzymes and its impact on trace element deposition, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota of growing-finishing pigs

NSPases and phytase supplementation may modulate intestinal microbiota.

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Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs under heat stress

The use of cortisone and the estimation of 11β-HSD type 2 activity in hair is recommended instead of using hair cortisol concentrations alone.

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Effect of dietary benzoic acid and supplemental enzymes on fiber-fermenting taxa and metabolites in the cecum of weaned pigs

Diet supplementation with benzoic acid and enzymes may affect the gut microbiota and metabolome of weaned pigs.

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Epidemiological assessment of African swine fever spread in the Dominican Republic

These results provide critical information on the current state of the ASF epidemic in the Dominican Republic.

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Effect of supplementing sows and piglets with Bacillus spp. under E. coli challenge

Bacillus spp. supplementation to sow and creep-feed diets may enhance post-weaning piglet health and performance.

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333 Emerging voices - Tributyrin supplementation as functional feed additive positively impacts the growth performance, metabolic status and gut microbiota in weaned piglets

Doctoral thesis from the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Department, Università degli Studi di Milano (Italy), advised by Luciana Rossi.

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Long-acting injectable progesterone treatment prior to puberty induction in gilts

Injectable progesterone treatment did not benefit the reproductive performance of prepubertal and peripubertal gilts.

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Effects of dietary inclusion of fermented sorghum distiller’s dried grains with soluble on carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs

Fermented sorghum distiller’s dried grains with soluble in growing-finishing pigs diets may improve carcass traits and meat quality.

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Survival of a surrogate ASF virus-like algal virus in feed matrices using a 23-day commercial United States truck transport model

Results demonstrate that ASFV-like nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses can retain viability in swine feed matrices during long-term transport across the continental United States.

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Effects of the addition of glycerin, vitamin C and niacinamide to the diet of growing and finishing crossbred pigs on carcass characteristics and meat quality

Dietary glycerin, vitamin C, and niacinamide supplementation in growing-finishing pigs may enhance the color, flavor, and nutritional value of pork.

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Weighted pain-related behaviors in pigs undergoing castration based on multilevel logistic regression algorithm

Results indicate that the pain-related behaviors in pigs from the UPAPS have different statistical weights.

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The effect of phytase supplementation on phosphorus utilization in growing and finishing pigs fed a low-phosphorus diet observed over a time series

Phytase enhances phosphorus utilization in growing-finishing pigs, but the effect is time-dependent according to supplementation.

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Vaccination against swine influenza in pigs causes different drift evolutionary patterns upon experimental infection and reduces likelihood of genomic reassortments

The study further emphasized the vast evolutionary capacity of swine IAV, under natural infection and vaccination pressure scenarios.

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Glutamine, glutamate and aspartate supplementation and its impact on intestinal barrier integrity and amino acid pool of the small intestine in piglets with normal or low energy diet

Dietary supplementation of glutamine, glutamate, and aspartate improves intestinal barrier functions in weaned piglets.

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Analysis of artificial insemination center management factors that contribute to sperm parameters and boar longevity

The results reveal better sperm quality for untreated boars than for PGF2α-treated boars, which might indicate that the underlying fertility of boars necessitating treatment is inferior compared to boars that can be collected without further treatment.

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333 Emerging voices: Biochemical, neurochemical, morphological and proteomic study of different nutritional conditions in Iberian pigs

The consequences of different nutritional changes were analyzed, whether applied to the pregnant mother or directly to the offspring. Doctoral thesis from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UAB, Spain. Advised by Anna Bassols and with the collaboration of Antonio Gonzalez de Bulnes.

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Flavour supplementation to improve sow reproductive performance and microbiota during late gestation and lactation

Flavor supplementation improved the reproductive performance of the sows by changing the fecal microbial profile.

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Low-protein diets supplemented with sodium dichloroacetate and glucose: the effect on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs

Low-protein diets supplemented with sodium dichloroacetate and glucose may improve muscle protein deposition in growing-finishing pigs.

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Novel trailer types for transportation of pigs to slaughter

Effects on trailer microclimate, pig behaviour, physiological response, and meat quality under Canadian summer conditions.

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The effect of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on gut microbiota modulation, growth, meat quality and antioxidant status of growing-finishing pigs

Dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation may improve carcass and bone quality in growing-finishing pigs.

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Effects of early intermittent maternal separation on behavior, physiological, and growth performance in piglets

Early intermittent neonatal maternal separation created stress and affected the growth performance of piglets during suckling. However, the growth rate was improved by compensatory measures during late weaning.

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333 Emerging voices - Microalgae as ingredients in diets of weaned piglets: an experimental approach using dietary enzymes

Doctoral thesis from the University of Lisbon. The scientific advisor was Professor José António Mestre Prates with co-supervisors Professor João Pedro Bengala Freire and Professor André Martinho de Almeida.

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First detection of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV-4) in Europe

The relatively high prevalence in wild boar and the low prevalence in Iberian pigs suggest wild boar as a potential viral reservoir.

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Different dietary cereal and protein source: effect on fiber digestibility, composition, and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in weaner piglets

Fiber nature and digestibility may affect the metabolic activity of intestinal microbiota in weanling pigs.

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Differences of semen microbiota among breeding boars with different reproductive ages

The semen of older boars contained a higher abundance of harmful bacteria, which contributes to the observed reduction in semen anti-oxidant capacity and overall semen quality in this group.

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The impact of bump feeding on sow reproductive performance, milk yield, piglet birth weight, and farrowing behavior

Increasing feed intake during late gestation may improve sow and litter performance.

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