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Chemical composition and standardised ileal digestible amino acid contents of Lathyrus (Lathyrus cicera) as an ingredient in pig diets

The new variety of Lathyrus selected to contain low diaminopropionic acid may be taken into account as an alternative protein source for pigs.
9 June 2010
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Lathyrus cicera is a grain legume that is well adapted to grow in low rainfall regions. However, it contains a neurotoxin, 3-(-N-oxalyl)-l- 2,3-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP), which can cause paralysis of the lower limbs, known as “lathyrism”. The aim of the current experiment was to measure the composition, ileal and total tract energy digestibility, and apparent and standardised ileal amino acid digestibility of a recently-released variety of L. cicera (cv. Chalus) to provide complete digestible component profiles for formulation of pig diets using this ingredient.

The ileal digestible nutrient content of Chalus was measured with six grower pigs (Large White×Landrace, 43±0.3 kg) fitted with a simple T-cannula. The Chalus contained 12.9, 1.4 and 5.4 g of apparent ileal digestible lysine, methionine and threonine, respectively/kg. Standardised ileal digestible amino acid content was calculated using published endogenous amino acid losses determined in 34- kg-growing pigs under a protein-freemethod. The determined ileal and total tract DE contents of Chalus were 9.0 and 13.5 MJ/kg, respectively, on an air-dry basis, with a ratio of ileal DE:total tract DE of 0. The coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CIAD) of amino acids ranged between 0.525 for cystine through to 0.871 for arginine. The CIAD for lysine, methionine and threonine were 0.795, 0.693 and 0.624, respectively. Calculated standardised ileal digestible lysine, methionine and threonine of Chalus were 14.3, 1.5 and 6.0 g/kg, respectively.

The new low ODAP variety of L. cicera, Chalus, contained 9.0 and 13.5 MJ/kg ileal and total tract DE, respectively. The standardised ileal digestible amino acid contents of Chalus were 14.3, 1.5 and 6.0 g/kg for lysine, methionine and threonine, respectively, which are comparable to that of field peas commonly used in swine diets.

BP Mullan, JR Pluske, M Trezona, DJ Harric, JG Allen, KHM Siddique, CD Hanbury, RJ van Barneveld, JC Kim, 2009. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 150, 139-143.

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