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Livestock manure management generally contains heavy metals that can be hazardous to humans and the environment. Probiotics have been shown to improve the environment of digestive organ microorganisms by reducing harmful microorganisms in the intestine, resulting in improved nitrogen utilization and reduced nitrogen excretion in pigs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of single and complex probiotics on growing-finishing pigs and compost.
Methods: In experiment 1, the 64 crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) pigs with an initial body weight of 18.75 ± 0.33 kg and a birth of 63 days were assigned to a completely randomized four treatment groups based on the initial body weight (4 pigs in a pen with 4 replicate pens for each treatment). For 13 weeks, dietary treatments were provided: 1) Control (CON; basal diet); 2) T1 (CON + 0.2% Bacillus subtilis); 3) T2 (CON + 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and 4) T3 (CON + 0.2% Bacillus subtilis + 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
In experiment 2, the supplementary treatments were provided for 12 week: 1) CON, non-additive compost; 2) T1, spray Bacillus subtilis 10 g per 3.306 m2; 3) T2, spray Bacillus subtilis 40 g per 3.306 m2; 4) T3, spray Saccharomyces cerevisiae 10 g per 3.306 m2; 5) T4: spray Saccharomyces cerevisiae 40 g per 3.306 m2; 6) T5, spray Bacillus subtilis 5 g + Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5 g per 3.306 m2; 7) T6, spray Bacillus subtilis 20 g + Saccharomyces cerevisiae 20 g per 3.306 m2 and there were 6 replicates each treatment.
Results: In experiment 1, during the overall experimental period, T3 (CON + 0.2% Bacillus subtilis + 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae) showed significantly improved feed conversion ratio and average daily gain compared to other groups. In average maturity score, T3 showed significantly higher than other groups. The supplementing complex probiotics group improved H2S emissions and fecal microflora compared to the non-supplementing group.
In experiment 2, additive probiotics groups had no effect on moisture content than the non-additive group at 9 and 12 weeks. T6 (spray Bacillus subtilis 20 g + Saccharomyces cerevisiae 20 g per 3.306 m2) showed a significantly improved average maturity score at all periods and ammonia emissions at 1 week and 4 weeks compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Supplementation complex probiotics induced positive effects on both pigs and compost.
Jeon K, Song M, Lee J, Oh H, Song D, Chang S, An J, Cho H, Park K, Cho J. Effects of single and complex probiotics in growing-finishing pigs and swine compost. Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 2024; 66(4): 763. https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2023.e88