The aim of this study was to test the intranasal administration of different anaesthetics in piglets less than seven days of age undergoing castration for their suitability for providing good-quality sedation and short induction and recovery time with minimal stress.
Methods: Azaperone alone at a high (5 mg/kg), medium (3 mg/kg), and low dosage (2 mg/kg) and in two combinations with either alfaxalone or midazolam were applied intramuscularly or intranasally to 120 healthy piglets.

Results: Compared to intramuscular application, intranasal application showed longer induction times, shorter recovery times and higher scores for defence and vocalisation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the intranasal protocols did not meet the requirements in all groups and their use can therefore not be recommended. A rapid induction phase and good quality of sedation could not be guaranteed.
Breitenlechner A, Bünger M, Ruczizka UK, Dolezal M, Auer U, Buzanich-Ladinig A. Comparison between Intramuscular and Intranasal Administration of Sedative Drugs Used for Piglet Castration. Animals. 2024; 14(16): 2325. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162325