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Pea protein as a substitute of soya bean protein in diets for young pigs: effects on productivity and digestive traits

Pea protein concentrate and fullfat soya bean have a negative impact on piglet performance and ileal digestibility compared to regular SBM
1 April 2009
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The aim of the present experiment was to compare pea protein concentrate (PPC), soybean protein concentrate (SPC), regular soybean meal (SBM) and fullfat soybean (FFSB) as a source of dietary protein on performance, faecal and ileal digestibility and digestive traits of young pigs. A total of 144 piglets were used in two different trials. Four different experimental treatments were formulated according to the different soybean meal products under study in order to produce 4 isonutritive experimental diets. All the experimental diets were offered in pellet form from days 26 to 48 of age. Five replicates of 6 piglets per treatment (in trial 1) or 6 replicates of one pig per treatment (in trial 2) were used. In the trial 1, pigs were individually weighed on days 26, 36 and 48 of age. ADG, ADFI and FCR were calculated. Diarrhoea incidence was also recorded for each piglet. At 36 and 48 days of age, faecal samples were collected to determine the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of OM, GE, EE and CP. In the second trial, 30-d-old piglets were individually allotted in digestibility cages. The coefficient of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) of dietary components, the pH of the GIT and the weight of digestive organs and spleen were also measured at 48 days of age.

From 26 to 36 days of age pigs fed SPC and SBM grew faster and had better FCR than pigs fed PPC (P<0.01) and FFSB. From 37 to 48 pigs fed SPC and SBM ate more feed than pigs fed FFSB with pigs fed PPC being intermediate (P<0.05). For the overall experiment pigs fed SPC and SBM tended (P<0.10) to have higher ADG and ADFI than pigs fed PPC and FFSB. Pigs fed SBM and SPC tended to have higher CTTAD of crude protein (P<0.10) and had higher CIAD of OM and GE (P<0.01) than pigs fed PPC and FFSB. The GIT was heavier for pigs fed PPC and FFSB than for pigs fed SBM with pigs fed SPC being intermediate (P<0.05).

It is concluded that raw pea protein concentrate and fullfat soybean inclusion in piglet diets in the diet reduces growth performance in pigs from 26 to 36 days of age and nutrient digestibility compared to soybean protein concentrate or regular soybean meal.

DG Valencia, MP Serrano, C Centeno, R Lázaro, GG Mateos. 2008. Livestock Science, 118:1-10

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