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Due to the fluctuating price of raw materials, producers have to look for new strategies to increase dietary inclusion of alternative feedstuffs. Field pea (Pisum sativum L., subspecies hortense) is one of these alterative feedstuff with high production in Canada. This study evaluated the effects of increasing inclusion of field pea by substituting SBM on diet nutrient digestibility and growth performance of young pigs.
A total of 260 pigs (8.5 kg) starting 1 week after weaning were fed Phase 1 diets for 2 weeks (day 1–14) and sequentially Phase 2 diets for 3 weeks (day 15–35). Five pelleted wheat-based diets including 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g yellow field pea (Pisum sativum L., subsp. hortense)/kg in substitution for up to 300g SBM/kg and 100g wheat/kg were fed. Phase 1 and 2 diets were formulated to provide 10.2 and 9.8 MJ net energy (NE)/kg, and 1.2 and 1.0 g standardised ileal digestible (SID) Lys/MJ NE, respectively. Diets were balanced for NE by reducing dietary canola oil from 48 to 34g/kg and from 27 to 12 g/kg for Phase 1 and 2 diets, respectively.
Increasing inclusion of field pea to 400 g/kg linearly reduced (P<0.001) the apparent total tract digestibility coefficient (CATTD) of crude protein (CP) by 7% and of gross energy by 2% in Phase 1 diets, but only linearly reduced (P<0.05) CATTD of CP by 1% in Phase 2 diets. Increasing inclusion of field pea to 400 g/kg quadratically reduced (P<0.001) calculated diet NE values by 0.4 MJ/kg as fed in Phase 1 and linearly reduced (P<0.001) calculated diet NE values by 0.2 MJ/kg as fed in Phase 2 diets. The NE value for field pea used for diet formulation was overestimated for pigs immediately after weaning. For day 1–7, increasing inclusion of field pea did not affect average daily feed intake (ADFI) but linearly reduced (P<0.01) average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F). Growth performance was not affected for day 8–14 and 15–21. Increasing inclusion of field pea quadratically increased (P<0.05) ADFI and ADG but did not affect G:F for day 22–28. For day 29–35, increasing inclusion of field pea tended to linearly increase (P<0.10) ADFI, linearly increased (P<0.05) ADG, but did not affect G:F. Overall (day 1–35), increasing dietary inclusion of field pea did not affect ADFI, ADG or G:F.
In conclusion, up to 400 g/kg SBM can be entirely replace by field pea in nursery diets without detrimental effects on piglet growth performance.
Landero, J.L., Wang, L.F., Beltranena,E. and Zijlstra, R.T. 2014. Diet nutrient digestibility and growth performance of weaned pigs fed field pea. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 198: 295-303. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.10.014