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The effect of dietary fatty acid level on the fatty acid composition of the adipose and lean tissues of immunocastrated male pigs

A low dietary supply of PUFA and MUFA is enough to increase the degree of unsaturation of adipose tissue and intramuscular fat lipids in immunocastrated pigs
21 October 2009
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At a given supply of unsaturated dietary fatty acids (FA) the degree of unsaturation of adipose tissue (AT) lipids increases with decreasing carcass fat deposition. Carcasses of immunocastrated male pigs (IC) fed standard grower-finisher diets are leaner than those of barrows one can expect higher levels of unsaturated FA in the AT, which then might negatively affect its oxidative stability and firmness. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of castration method and dietary FA supply on the lipid composition of the AT and intramuscular fat (IMF).

Forty-eight Swiss Large White male pigs were blocked by litter and assigned by BW to 4 experimental groups: barrows were fed a grower-finisher diet with a PUFA-MUFA index [PMI=1.3 × MUFA (g/MJ DE)+PUFA (g/MJ DE)] of 1.7 (C), IC pigs were fed a grower-finisher diet with a PMI of 1.7 (IC17), 1.5 (IC15) or 1.3 (IC13). All pigs had ad libitum access to the diets from weaning to 107 kg BW.

Compared with C, IC17 tended (P<0.10) to grow slower but consumed less feed(P<0.01), were more feed efficient (P<0.001) and their carcasses were leaner (P<0.01). The lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) concentration of the AT (P=0.12) and IMF (P<0.05) in IC17 than C was compensated by the higher PUFA level (AT: P<0.01; IMF: P<0.05). The PMI-level had no effect(P>0.05) on growth performance and carcass composition of IC17, IC15 and IC13 whereas total feed intake linearly decreased (P<0.05) with decreasing PMI level. In the AT, but not the IMF, the SFA (P<0.01) and MUFA (P<0.10) concentration linearly increased and that of PUFA linearly decreased (P<0.001) with decreasing dietary PMI level.

These results confirmed that the lower lipid deposition in carcasses of IC markedly increased the degree of unsaturation of AT and IMF lipids. To insure a comparable processing quality of the AT like that found for barrows the dietary MUFA and PUFA supply for IC must be restricted.

C Pauly ,P Spring, and G Bee. 2009. Book of Abstracts of the 60th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production, 35.

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