Page 37 of articles about health in Articles

Escherichia coli is an enterobacteria that forms part of the normal intestinal microbiota of healthy animals. Usually, E. coli present in animals are communal antipathogenic strains and they even play a beneficial role, since they compete in several ways with the pathogenic strains in the ecological niche of the lumen.

The standard database for inherited traits and disorders in animal species (OMIA) lists 29 single-locus disorders, nine of these have been characterized at the molecular level, meaning that DNA testing may be used for control.

Sudden death due to HBS is a devastating, stealthy phenomenon that affects pigs in growth and finishing phases. The heaviest animals die, sometimes a few over several days, or a few per week, but in a constant succession that can last (up to nine months in Italy’s case, where heavier animals are killed).

Currently, the human risk factors associated with S. suis infection are: 1) Eating raw/undercooked pork meat, 2) Being a farm worker with hog contact or 3) Butchers. To date, there is no evidence of human-to-human transmission of S. suis.

Available data indicate that PCV2 has the ability to modulate the immune response, not only during the obvious overt disease but also in a subclinically infection.

Here we present a new section about the economics of swine disease: the first presentation is about the economic benefits of disease control in swine barns.

Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) is the result of a complexity of events, including infections, environmental factors and host’s immune system weakness deriving from genetic causes.

The most common problems are due to interference with maternal antibodies and coincidence of vaccination with a recirculation of PRRS: viremic animals.

Any failure in a cleaning and disinfection programme costs money. This comes from the costs of the programme, the loss of its potential benefits and very probably the costs of disease the failure has allowed to occur. It is also very disappointing for the management and staff of the farm who have done the hard work, and the veterinarian who is trying to ensure healthy efficient production.

There is sufficient genetic variation in host response to infection to allow future breeding goals for enhanced resistance or tolerance so that there are grounds to believe that it may be possible to breed commercial animals that have increased genetic resistance or tolerance to the disease.

As better information systems capable to measure change in disease patterns, vector distribution and environmental conditions are put in place, we may be surprised about the range of diseases directly or indirectly already affected by climate change.

With the earth warming up there is evidence of accelerated changes in habitat distribution changes that in turn may be affecting disease patterns and emergence of diseases.

Nutrition is considered to be a clear factor that increases the risk of ulcers appearing.

To many pig producers cleaning and disinfection is a chore they view as an expensive tedious burden.

Anecdotal evidence from pig producers and veterinarians in the field suggests that there are genotype differences in susceptibility to PCVAD

The best approach is to submit dead pigs or live affected pigs to the diagnostic laboratory for post-mortem examination.